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Asd dsm 5 with comorbidities2/7/2024 It is important to establish an individual’s baseline for when he or she has functioned best. General considerations for assessing psychiatric comorbidity in ASDġ) Establish a baseline. Features of ASD can appear to overlap with symptoms of other conditions making it difficult to distinguish symptoms that relate to the core features of ASD versus symptoms of other psychiatric disorders ( Table 2). However, there are several validated disorder-specific tools that have been specifically developed to assess for comorbid disorders in children and adults with ASD ( Table 1). Screening instruments designed for psychiatric conditions in the general population may not adequately differentiate features of ASD and can result in overdiagnosis. Assessment of comorbid psychiatric disorders Anxiety disorders were most common, followed by ADHD ( Figure). 4 Findings indicate that 72% of the children had at least one additional DSM-IV psychiatric diagnosis. The ACI was used to assess psychiatric comorbidity in 109 children with ASD aged 5 to 17 years. Additional screening questions and coding options were added to the ACI to help distinguish core features of ASD from features of other psychiatric disorders. The Autism Comorbidity Interview (ACI) is a semi-structured interview that utilizes the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS) with adaptation to increase validity in the ASD population. 2 Emotional regulation deficits may be a transdiagnostic phenomenon that underlies features of ASD as well as anxiety and other psychiatric comorbidities. Cognitive rigidity, problems with emotion regulation, and intolerance of uncertainty associated with ASD can predispose this population to higher levels of anxiety and depression. People with autism are at higher risk of being bullied and are more likely to experience adverse life events, which can increase stress and risk for depression and anxiety. Numerous factors contribute to the increased risk for comorbid psychiatric disorders. Although prevalence rates vary widely, converging evidence suggests that anxiety disorders and ADHD are most prevalent. People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are more likely than the general population to have comorbid psychiatric disorders. 1 While the core features of autism impair functioning, a significant source of further impairment is comorbid psychiatric disorders. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that autism affects 1 in every 59 children in the US.
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